MEDIUMTEXT has a maximum length of about 16 megabytes.TEXT has a maximum length of 65,535 bytes-the same as VARCHAR.These are variable-length data types, and they come in three main variants: Text is based on the BLOB (binary large object) type. You can also use VARCHAR to store short strings-VARCHAR(40), for example-but it can store any string up to the maximum column size, using a variable amount of storage space. VARCHAR columns are not padded, which means they consume as much space as the length of the string (plus one or two bytes for a prefix that indicates the string’s length).ĬHARs are great for storing short strings when you know how long they are. You specify the maximum length that you intend to store when you create the table. VARCHAR columns store variable-length strings up to 65,535 characters.Therefore, CHAR always consumes the same amount of storage. If you store fewer characters than the fixed length, MySQL pads the remainder with spaces. You declare the size when you create the table. CHAR is a fixed-length column with a maximum length of 255 characters.Take a look at the MySQL documentation to learn more about character lengths and multibyte character sets. However, we’re not going to discuss the precise definition of a character or the effect of using different character sets. We’ll be talking about characters and the amount of space they consume. There are other string types-SET and ENUM-but they’re not relevant to this article. For our purposes, these fall into two main groups, CHAR and VARCHAR types and the TEXT types, which are based on MySQL’s binary object BLOB types. To explain why VARCHAR is the right default choice, we’ll need to look at MySQL’s string data formats.
If you need to store longer strings, use MEDIUMTEXT or LONGTEXT, but be aware that very large amounts of data can be stored in columns of these types. In most circumstances, VARCHAR provides better performance, it’s more flexible, and can be fully indexed. If you’re looking for a TL DR, it’s this: use VARCHAR if your data is of variable length and you know it fits into VARCHAR’s 65,535 character limit. In this article, we’ll look at one frequently asked question concerning MySQL string data types: should you use a VARCHAR column or a TEXT column to store textual website data? MySQL VARCHAR vs. The data type you choose affects how much data you can store, where it’s stored, the functionality available to you, and the performance of everyday database operations. MySQL provides multiple string data types, each with unique characteristics and trade-offs. When you’re building a database for a web application, one of the most impactful decisions is the data type you choose for text data fields.
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